Apparatus for making lock-nut blanks



Dec. 25, 1928.

I. c. EMERY I APPARATUS FOR MAKING LOCK NUT BLANKS 6- Sheets-Sheet 1Filed Oct. 1925 17 INYENTOR BY 2- CLEm 6 3] T ORNE Y Dec. 25, 1928. v1,696,672

I. C. EMERY APPARATUS FOR MAKING LOCK NUT BLANKS Filed Oct. 8, 1925 6Sheets-Sheet 2 i! INVENTOQR A V A v ORNEY 1,696,672 I. c. EMERYAPPARATUS FOR MAKING LOCK NUT BLANKS 6 slidflt's-asheef. 3

INVENIOR I C. Emery BY' 2 a; A ORNEY Dec. 25, 1928.

I. c. EMERY APPARATUS FOR MAKING LOCK NW1 BLANKS Fiied 0st,; 8, 1925INVENTOR the arrows;

Patented Dec. 25, 1928.

UNITEDSTATES PATENT oFFi I. c. sunny, or sammoan, MARYLAND, assmnon Toexamine am Locxnwo an comrm or BALTIMORE, MARYLAND, TRUSTEES or Acommon-Law 'r'nvs'r ESTATE.

arrarmrus FOR MAKING Loon-nor manna.

' Application filed October 8, 1925. Serial 1%. 81,255. 1

This invention relates to an apparatus for making lock nut blanks andhas for its object to improve the means heretofore prosed. I With thisand other objects in view the invention consists in the novel steps andcombination of steps constituting the process and in the novel parts andcombinations of parts constituting the apparatus all as will be morefully hereinafter disclosed and pointed out in the claims.

Referring to the accompanying drawings forming a part of thisspecification in which like numerals designate like parts in all theviews:

Fig. 1 is a side elevational view partially broken away of a machinemade in accordance with this invention;

Fig. 2 is a sectional view taken on the line particularly 22 of Fig. 1,looking in the direction of'the arrows;

Fig. 3. is an end elevational viewof a. portion of the parts shown inFig. 1;

Fig. 4 is a sectional view taken on the line 44 of Fig. 2,'looki ng inthe direction of the arrows;

Fig. 5 isa sectional view taken on the line 5-5 of Fig. 1, looking inthe direct-ion of the arrows;

Fig. 6 is a sectional view taken on the line 66 of Fig. 3, looking inthe direction of Fig. 7 is a detail showing one position of the partsbefore the partially formed blank is pushed from-its forming die ontoits swaging die;

Fig. 8 is an elevational and partially sec- 2 tional view of a portionof the parts shown in 7 tion;

tobe flatten or swa-ged;

Fig. 12 is a sectional view bf the parts. shown in Fig. 1 1 after the'swaging action has I taken place;

partially sectional view eformingr has moved the.

Fig. 11 is a sectional view taken on'theline 11-11 of Fi 10 showing theblank ready- Fig. 13 is an enlarged detail sectional view of a; portionof the parts shown in Fi 12; Fig. 14 is a perspective view of thefinished nut blank before it has been perforated and threaded;

Fig. 15 is a perspective view of a drop forg ing or' casting forming abase member of the machine; 1 a

portion of a somewhat modified form of'machine especially adapted formaking large sized nut blanks;

Fig. '17 is a sectional view taken on the line 1717 of Fig. 16,lookingin the direction of the arrows;

Fig. 18 is a. sectional view taken on the line 18- -18 of Fig. 17,looking in the direction of the arrows;

Fig. 19 is a sectional view illustratin the position of the arts afterthe blank has een moved over to t 1e knife edge former and sub -jectedtoa swaging action;

Fig. 20 is a sectional view taken on the line 20-20 of Fig. '19, lookingin the direction of the arrows; I r

' Fig. 21 is a detailed sectional view of a porion of the partsassociated with the swaging Fig. 22 is a detailed sectional view of theparts shown in Fig. 21 when the said parts are in a different positionof operation;

Fig. 23 is a perspective view of the split slide employed in thismodified form of the invention;

, Fig. 24 is a perspective view and a sideelevational view of the'largesize nut blank made on this modified form of machine:

Fig. 25 is a view similar to Fig. 24 showing the condition of the nutprevail were the machine Fig. 16 is a sectional view of the forming 2blank that would I not provided withthe split slide shownin Fig. 23.

I Referring first to Fig. 15 Ire drop forging or'casting forming! e'meinber of this machine which is of the shape shown. That is to say,thisbase member 1 is'pro'videdwith the end members 2nd 8 spaces 4 and 5,

and said end members 211ml 3 and is provided at one side with thecut-out i groove; or. channel ;7, and on top surface the connectingmember separated by the vertically disposed bllow with the widenedgroove or channel8 form 14 areg'connecte'dfby any provided ing a slideway. Said member 3 is provided with the slide tttl w ich is somewhatsimilar to the slideway 8. The member 2 is provided with a verticallydisposed rectangular passage, channe-lor well 110, and the member 3 isrovided with the similar well 11. As will clear from the other figures,and especially Figures 11 and 12 there recip'rocates the plunger I coverplate 30 extends above the end member 3 through which the plunger member14 place by and resting which passes, as best shown in Figs. 11 and 12.It will further be observed from the above mentioned figures thatbetween the cover plates 18 and 19 and the to surface of the member 2thereflisdisposed t e compressing slide or swagingmember 20, and betweenthe cover plate'30 and thetop surface of the member 3 there isdisposedthe swaging slide or member 21. In the recess 7 of the portion 2, Fig.13, there is placed the hardened steel member 22, see Figs. 1 and 2, andthis member has its with the top surface 24 top surface 23 flush of themember 2, so t at its. upper edge 25,

' Fig. 4, constitutes a cutting edge. A portion of the cover plate'iscutaway to form'the passage 26 through'which the stock '27 to be formedinto nut blanks may be fed as will be clear from Figs. 1 and 4. 7

Into the space 4. see Fig. 15, there is dropped or wedged theblock 31,see Fig. 4, block is provided with the hardened fiat steel blade, orforming die 32, held in the pin 33, and whose tapered end 34 stops justbelow the stock material 27 as shown. In close proximity to the block-31 upon the surface 35, Fig. 15, is placed the hardenedsteel bloc-k 36,Fig. 12, which carries the hardened steel knife blade or separator thesurface 35 arti- I space 46 and thus eject the blank 47 after formingaction is bad. Said pin 50 and head '55 is compressed due to the members37 secured to the block 36 as bv the pin 38 illustrated in Figs. 7, 10and 11.

Figs. 3 and 4. As said punch 40 continues to descend its cut away orhollowed out portion 46 straddles the forming die 32 and bends the cutoff stock down on both sides of the tapered end portion 34, thus formingthe blank 47 into the V-shape shown in Figs. 8 and 9.

The stock strip 27 is fed-to its posit-ion beneath the plunger or punch40 by hand or by any suitable means not shown, and its extreme end edgecontacts with the plate 30 which forms a stop for the feeding motionwhen the right length of the strip is beneath the punch 40 all as willbe clear from Fig. 4.

As the plunger 40 rises from the forming position shown in Fig. 8 to theposition shown in Fig. 3, the partly formed blank 47 is liable to finditself wedged into the space 46 of said plunger 40, and to rise with it.To prevent this there is provided the eject-or pin 50, which is adaptedto reciprocate in a bore of said plunger 40. That is, said pin 50 isprovided with an enlarged or shouldered portion 51 which permits saidpin to descend to such a distance that only its extreme end 52 candescend a short distance below the top of the the 51 is controlled bythe member 54, controlled in turn by the spring whose compression isgoverned by the screw 56. It thus results I that when the plunger 40descends the spring 50 and 54 rising into the positions shown in Fig. 8and when the plunger 40 begins to ascend the i said spring 55 expandsthus forcing the end 52 of the pin 50 into the position shown in Fig.9,and at the same time expelling the partly formed blank, 47 out of thespace 46, whereupon said blank falls back upon the tapered end 34 oftheblade or die After the blank 47 has thus been replaced upon the top ofthe die 32. the parts are so timed that the longitudinally disposedfinger 60 moves toward the right as seen in ig. 6 and pushes said blankoff of the tapered end 34 of the die 32 and onto the thin blade likeseparator 37. It should be stated that as will be clear from Fig. 1, thepower actuated member 61 of the machine is reciprocated up and down bymeans, not shown, and said motions in turn move up the pitman member 62controlled in its down movement by the spring 63, and that this saidmember 62 in turn being pivoted as at, 64 to the bell crank 65, which inturn is pivoted as at 66 to the machine, reciprocates through the slot67 and pin 68 the said horizontally disposed member 60 all as will beclear from Figs. 1 and .6 of the drawings. The extreme end of saidmember 60, however. is provided with the hollow member 70 which isU-shaped in cross section and thus straddles the die member 32 as willbe clear from Fig. 6 to facilitate the movement of the pari of the crownthe positions The partially formed blank 47 being thus brought intoposition on the separator 37 beneath the swaging punch 41, said'punch descend's along with the plunger member 40 and with the cross head 15,down upon said partially formed blank 47, immediately after the swagingor compressing members 20 and 21 have compressed the said blank47 intothe shape shown in Fig. 12. That is to say, as the cross head15-descends it carries down with it not only the plungers 40 and 41' butalso the cam members 13 and 14 provided with the cams 71 and 72respectively which coact with the co-rresponding'cams 7 and '7 4respectively to move said die members 20 and 21 from the positions shownin Fig. 11, to shown in Fig. 12. Immediately after this compressingaction upon the nut blank 47 is had, the swaging punch 41 descends asbest shown in Figs. 12 and '13 and suitably shapes the nut blank 47 intothe form illustrated in Fig. 14. Upon the rising of the cross head 15the members 13 and 14.rise from the positions shown in Fig. 12 to thepositions shown in Fig. 11, whereupon the cam members 75 and 76 takeagainst the cam surfaces 77 and 78 respectively of the compressingmember-s20 and 21 and return said'members from the positions shown in F12 to the positions shown in Fig; 11. The parts are now ready foranother portion of the stock material 27 to be cut off by the edge 43 ofthe plunger 40 and to be partially formed into the V-shape shown ininpositionfor said partially formed blank 47 to be pushed toward theright as seen in F ig.'*7 by the member 70 of the reciprocating plunger60. As we now have the completed nut blank 80 shown in Fig. 14 restingupon the separator '37, the movement of this second V-shaped partiallyformed blank 47 to-.

ward the right as seen in Figs. 7 and 10 will cause said completelyformed nut blank 80 to be pushed toward the right off of the separa-'tor 37; and thislatter finished blank 80 will thus slide down theincline 81, see Fig. 6, and through the space 5, see Fig. 15, into asuitable receptacle not shown.

In the somewhat modified form of the in.- vention shown in Figs. 16 to25 inclusive, a defect which appears in the finished blanks 80 made onthe precedingi'nechanism is cured. That is'to say, it has beenfoun'd'that when blanks of a moderately large size are formed in themanner just disclosed theu' per edges portions 84 are bulge out as indicated at 85 m Figs. 25while small sized nut blanks do not show thisdefect. That-is ,to say, when the swaging plunger 4l'descends asindicated onto the larger sizes of nut blanks the metal flows laterallyas indicated at 85 in operationto Fig. 25, thus requiring another Figs.9 and 11, and are.

remove these projectionsand it is the purposeof this modified form ofconstruction to do away with this objection.

mentioned Figures 16 to 25, the-same parts are lettered with the samenumerals as in the preceding figures and theoperation of said partsReferring more particularly to the above are the same as in thepreceding figures. But the slidable horizontally disposed compressingplates or members 20 and 21in the pre cedlng figures are greatlynarrowedin this modified form of invention and are lettered 9O and'9lrespectively. Thisnarr owing of the plates and 91 leaves or channel oneach side-of ;the said plates in which reciprocates the splitslidemember 92 all as will be. clear from Figs. 20 and 21.

Said split slide member is provided with the side members 93 and94-which are separated by the space 95 and which reciprocate on eachside of the slides 90 and 9l,'and said side members 93 and 94areprovided with the cut away portions or .rectangular openings 96 and97 respectively, as best shown'in Fig. 21. The said split slide member92 is also provided with the pin or other to which" is attached the forklike members 99 A'igid with the oscillating member 100 mounted on theshaft 101 which is rocked by any suitable means such for example as thearm provided with thefork 111 that may be fconnectedto the pitmanmember62 all as will be clear from Figs. 1 and 17. It thus results that theparts being properly timed and I proportioned, and in the position shownin Figs. 19' and 20, the side members straddle the partly finished blankis resting upon the knife blade or separator 37, and they hug so tightlythe wings 102 of the enlarged blank 103 illustrated in Fig. 24, I

CTOYVD as isshown in Fig. 24, that is smooth at the point 104; and,therefore, it needs no second operation to finish the same ready forperforating-and threading. .On the other hand, the parts are likewise sotimed and proportioned that when the partly finished blank '47 restsupontheupper ta formingdie 32, as'be'st il the openings 96 and 97 ofthesplit slide meme a "considerable space 93 and 94. 47 when it cred end34'0f the". ustrated in Fig. 16,;

90 connection 98 cannot under the swaging action Fig. 25 or when I ber'92-regist'er with said blank47, and thus enable 6, t9 y from the diemember 32 ontothe knife blade separator 37 as disclosed above, whereuponthe plunger 41 after the parts have been compressed by the members 90.and 91 comes down onto the crown a pusher member 60 illustrated in Fiand swag es the sameinto shape, all as will be understood from thepreceding description portion 84 of said. blank push over the partlyfinished blank 47 I no. suit is a finished nut blank of large size, suchshoved off the tapered'ed e same as the opening 5 in Fig. 15, and into asmaller recess; a

receptacle not shown.

It will now be clear that by constructing a machine in the manner abovedisclosed and providing the drop forging orcasting 1 made from a singlepiece of metal, one is enabled to greatly simplify the machine and toomit many moving parts that would otherwise have to be provided. It willalso be apparent that by providing the split slide member 92 one isenabled to so confine the metal being swaged as to prevent anundesirableflow of the metal when large sized nut blanks are being madeand to thus avoid a second finishing operation. It will also be apparentthat this swaging action whether the member 92 is or is not usedprovides a nut blank having the bent over straight wings 102 united bythe crown portion 84 in which the density of the metal will be increaseddue to the heavy compression to which it is subjected. It will furtherbe clear that the finished blank isperforated as indicated by the dottedline circle 114 and later threaded by means not shown. Due to theemployment of the casting or forging 1, the block 31 carrying theblankbending or folding die or post 32 may be readily attached to anddetached from the said memher 1, for it is only necessary to wedge saidblock into the space 6, Fig. 15, where it is to be used and to drive orotherwise force it out of said space when it 's to be taken out for repairs or for other purposes. Substantially the same remarks apply to theblock 36 and separator 37 both of which are readily wedged into positionin the space 35, Fig. 15, and forced out of position for repairs, or forother purposes when the block 31 has been removed. All the removableparts may thus be made of hardened steel and readily relaced when wornout. I

What is claimed is:

1. In a machine for making lock nut blanks the combination of a basemember, provided with two end portions separated by a verticallydisposed recess and provided with a block disposed in said smallerrecess; a swaging die carried by said block; a block disposed in saidfirst named recess; a folding die carried by said last;

named member to hold and to facilitate the feeding of a strip of metalto be cut; I above said base member provided with a cutting means andwith a folding means block; means carried by saidbase,

a plunger located adapted to out said .metal and fold the same over saiddisposed above said-base member adapted to swage any metal placed abovesaid first named swaging die; and means to reciprocate said folding andswaging plungers.

2. In a machine for making lock nut bl anks the combination of a basemember provided with two end portions; folding and swaging dies carriedby said base member; blank compressing means also carried by said endportions; folding and swaging plun ers disposed above said base memberadapted to fold and swage blanks disposed on said first named foldingand swaging dies; and means to reciprocate said folding and swagingplungers toward and from said first named folding and swaging dies.

3. In a machine for making lock nut blanks the combination of a basemember provided with two, end (portions separated by a verticallydispose recess and provided with a smaller recess; a readilyattachableand detachable block disposed in said smaller rccess; aseparator carried by said block; a readily attachable and detachableblock disposed in said first named recess; a folding die carried by saidlast named block; means comprising a recessed cover niember carried bysaid base member to hold and to facilitate the feeding of a strip ofmetal to be cut; a cutting member carried by said base member; a plungerlocated above said base memberprovided with a cutting means adapted tocoact with said first named cutting member and with a folding meansadapted to fold the same over said folding die; a swaging plungerfolding die; a swaging plunger also also disposed above said base memberadapted to' swage any metal placed above said separator; and means toreciprocate said folding and swaging pl'ungers.

4. In a machine for making lock nut blanks the combination of a basemember provided with two end portions having horizontally disposedrecesses; folding and swaging dies carried by said base member; blankcompressing means also carried by said end ortions and disposed in saidrecesses; fol ing disposed above said to fold and swage and swagingplungers base member adapted ,blanks disposed on-said first namedfolding and swaging dies; means to reciprocate said blank compressingmeans; and means to reciprocate said folding-and swaging plungers towardand from said first named folding and swa'ging dies. j

5. In a machine for making lock nut blanks the combination of a basemember provided with two end portions; folding and swaging dies carriedby said base member; horizontally disposed compressing members carriedby said end portions; cam members coacting with said compressin membersto r'ecipro cate the same in said ase member; reciproeating folding andswagmg plungers coacting with said first named folding and swaging dies;means to reciprocate said cam memrs and said folding and swagingplungers; means comprising a'reciprocating member to transfer apartially folded blank from said first named folding-die to said firstnamed swaging die; and means comprising a bell crank connected to saidlast named means.

6. In a machine for making lock nut blanks from metal strips, thecombination of a base member providedwith two end portions separated onone side by a pair of vertically disposed recesses and provided with apair of horizontally disposed recesses; said base member also providedin each end portion with a well passing from said last named recessesdown into each endportion; readily attachable and detachable folding andswagingdies located in said vertically disposed recesses; reciprocatingcompressing dies located in said horizontally disposed recesses; acutting means carried by said base member; a pair of reciprocatingmembers provided with cam surfaces movable up and down in said wells;folding and swaging plungers coacting with said first named folding andswaging dies; and a reciprocating cutt ng means coacting with said firstnamed cuttlng means;

7. In a machine for making lock nut blanks from metal strips, thecombination of a base member provided with two end portions separated onone side by a pair of ver-.

ti-cally disposed recesses and provided with a pair of horizontallydisposed recesses; sald base member also provided in each end portionwith a well passing from said last named recesses down into each endportion; readily attachable and detachable folding and swaging dieslocated in said vertically disposed recesses;'a reciprocating meansprovided with an end portion U -shaped in cross section for transferringa partially formed blank from said folding die tosaid swaging die;reciprocating compressing dies located in said horizontally disposedrecesses; a readily attachable and detachable cutting means carried bysaid base member; a pair of reciprocating members provided with camsurfaces movable up and down in said wells; folding and swaging plungerscoacting with said first named folding and swaging dies; and areciprocating cutting means carried by said folding plunger coactingwithsaid first named cutting means.

8. In a machine for makinglock nut blanks having a base member made froma single piece of metal, provided with two end portions separated bycesses and also provided-with horizontally disposed recesses 111 saidend portions in combination with cutting means, a die folding means, anddie swaging means located in said recesses. I

9. In a machine for making lock nut blanks blanks the combination ofvertically disposed 'retions separated by vertically cesses and alsoprovided with disposed recesses in said end portions in combinationWithcutting means, a die folding means, and die swaging means located insaid recesses; and with reciprocating folding, swaging, and blanktransferring means located outside said recesses 10. In a machine formaking lock nut blanks the combination of a base member provided withtwo end" portions having horizontally disposed recesses; folding andswaging dies carried by said base member; blank compressing means alsocarried by said 'end portions and disposed in said recesses; meanslocated in said recesses to prevent the metal from spreading whensubjected to a compressing action; folding: and'swaging plungersdisposed above said base member adapted to fold and swage blanksdisposed on said first named folding and swaging dies; means toreciprocate said blank compressing means; and means to reciprocate saidfolding and swaging plungers.

In a machine for making lock nutv blanks the combination of a basemember; folding and swaging dies carried by said base member; blankcompressing means also carried by said base member; reciprocating meansadapted to confine and prevent the flow of metal from the edge portionsof the blank being operated upon also carried by said base member;reciprocating folding and swaging' plungers disposed above said basemember adapted to fold and swage blanks disposed on said first namedfolding and swagi'ng dies;

having a base member made from a single piece ofmetal, provided with twoend pordisposed irehorizontally means to reciprocate said compressingmeans;

and means to reciprocate said folding and swaging plungers toward andfrom said first named folding and swaging dies.

12. In a machine for making lock nut a base member provided with two endportions having horizontally disposed recesses; stationary folding andswaging dies-carried by said base member; horizontally disposed,reciprocating blank compressing means also carried by said end portionsand disposed in said recesses; means located in said recesses on eachside of said compressing means adapted to prevent the metal fromspreading when sub- ;ected to a compressing action;-folding and swagingplungers disposed above said base member adapted to fold and swageblanks disposed on said first named folding and swaging dies; means toreciprocate said blank compressing means; and means to reciprocate said.folding and swaging plungers.

13. In a machine for making lock nut blanks the combination of a basemember provided with two end portions having horizontally disposedrecesses; folding and swaging dies carried by said base member; blankcompressing means also carried by'said end saidm eans adapted to contactwith and conportions and disposed in said recesses; means fine the edgesof said blank during the swaglocated in said recesses to prevent themetal ing operation and prevent the metal from from, spreading whensubjected to a-compressspreading, said member provided with aper- I ingaction comprising a reciprocating slidtures through which the blank isreceived and able member provided with members disposed discharged.

on each side of said compressing means, fold- 17. In a machine formaking folded lock ing and swaging plungers dis osed above said nutblanks the combination of means to fold base member adapted to old andswage and swage said blanks into the desired shape; 1o blanks disposedon said first named folding a reciprocating member coacting with saidand swaging dies; means to reciprocate said means provided with a cutaway portion and blank compressing means; and means to readapted tocontact with and confine the edgesciprocate said folding and swagingplungers. of said blank during the swaging operation 14. In a machinefor making folded lock and prevent the metal from spreading; and

nut blanks-the combination of a blank ioldmea s to di h rg th finishedblank through 1 ingmeans; a blank swaging means; and a said cut awayportion.

a movable :meansadapted to confine the edg s 18. In a machine for makingfolded lock of the blank and prevent the metal from nut blanks thecombination of means to fold spreading during the swaging operation,said a d wag aid blanks; movable, means promeans so formed as to permitthe blank being vided with a out away portion and coacting passedthereinto from the folding means. with said swaging means to prevent themetal 15. Inamachineformaking folded lock nut from spreading during thes'waging operablanks the combination of a blank folding tion; and meansto move the finished blank means; a blank swaging means; and amovthroughsaid cut away portion.

able means comprising areciprocating slide 19. In a machine for makingfolded lock member adapted to confine the edges of the nut blanks thecombination of means to fold blank and prevent the metal from spreadingand swage said blanks; movable means comduring the swaging operation,said member prising a split slide member provided with providedwith anopening in one of its sides a cut away portion and coacting with saidthrough which the blank is passed from the swaging means to prevent themetal from folding means, spreading during the swaging operation; and

16. In a machine for making folded lock reciprocating means to movethe'finished nut blanks the combination of means to fold blank throughsaid cut away portion: and'swage said blanks into the desired shape; 7In testimony whereof I aifix my signature. an'd'a reciprocating membercoacting with a I. C. EMERY.

